A Grammar of Italian Sign Language (LIS)

In this grammar, the only abbreviation used to refer to a sign language name is LIS, which stands for Italian Sign Language. Below, we list the abbreviations used to refer to grammatical terms and non-manual markers.

 

Grammar-related abbreviations:

·     arc: arc movement

·      aux: auxiliary

·      CL: classifier construction

·      coll: collective

·      contra: contralateral

·      def: definite

·      dem: demonstrative

·      det: determiner

·      distr: distributive

·      excl: exclusive

·      incl: inclusive

·      indef: indefinite

·      int: intensive marker

·      ipsi: ipsilateral

·      ix: index, pointing sign

·      loc: locative

·      pl: plural

·      poss: possessive

·      SASS: Size-And-Shape Specifier

 

Abbreviations of non-manual markers (based on the grammatical function):

·      cond: conditional marker

·      foc: focus marker

·      neg: negation marker

·      rel: relative clause marker

·      rs: role shift

·      top: topic marker

·      wh: wh- (content) interrogatives

·      y/n: yes/no (polar) interrogatives

 

Abbreviations of non-manual markers (based on the form):

·      bl-b: body lean backward

·      bl-f: body lean forward

·      bl-left: body lean to the left

·      bl-right: body lean to the right

·      blow: blowing out air

·      cd: chin down

·      ce: closed eyes

·      cu: chin up

·      eg: eye gaze

·      fe: furrowed eyebrows

·      gt: grinding teeth

·      hn: head nod

·      hs: head shake

·      ht-b: head tilt backward

·      ht-left: head tilt to the left

·      ht-right: head tilt to the right

·      lp: lip protrusion

·      md: mouth-corners down

·      mu: mouth-corners up

·      om: open mouth

·      pc: puffed cheeks

·      re: raised eyebrows

·      sc: sucked cheeks

·      sq: squint

·      tl: teeth on the lower lip

·      tp: tongue protrusion

·      we: wide-open eyes

·      wrn: wrinkled nose